Think of the storyboard as a visual script,
which acts as a blueprint for the “look” of the completed project. What will
you see on the computer screen or on a television. A storyboard shows not only
the individual shots (in the case of a video) or screens (for computer-based
multimedia), but the sequence as well.
Storyboards come in many shapes and sizes,
depending on the project requirements, the director, and the storyboard artist.Some
storyboard examples from Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds (1963)can be seen on the
next slide. Follow the sequence from the top to bottom of each column. Alfred
Hitchcock insisted that every shot of every sequence be carefully storyboarded
before shooting ever began. Hitchcock’s films follow the storyboard very
closely.
Notice that each of the shots is numbered, and
that some shots also have brief captions describing such things as the action,
how long the shot lasts, and camera movements. The following storyboard was created
for another Hitchcock film, Family Plot (1976), by a different storyboard
artist. It has a very different style from
the storyboard for The Birds, but is also very effective in conveying the look
of the film.
Whether you are working on film, video, or
multimedia projects, storyboarding serves two basic purposes. First, it acts as
a visualization tool. That simply means that the process of creating the
storyboard helps visualize the final product. It allows you to work out
visually how shots are framed in a video, or the layout of elements in
multimedia.
This is also an opportunity to work out the
precise sequencing of your shots. It’s much easier (and less expensive) to try
out alternatives, and develop your project in this preproduction stage than it
is during production (that is, during shooting).
A storyboard’s second basic purpose is to act
as a communication tool. Since even small video or multimedia projects usually
involve teams of people, and often clients or producers, we need some way to
convey the look and sequencing of a project to many different people. Like
scripts, storyboards often undergo significant revisions as a project evolves,
and as various specialists offer feedback. In film or video, a finished
storyboard provides cinematographers and lighting specialists a crucial guide.
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